percentage of wars caused by religion{ keyword }

Thanks, Do you have any data to support that wars have a religious cause above the 7% indicated?. For example, in Sri Lanka, the 1951 Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act details no minimum age for marriage nor mandates consent from the woman or girl, leaving Muslim women and girls disproportionately at risk.5Sri Lanka in 2019 Report on International Religious Freedom, U.S. Department of State, June 10, 2020, https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-report-on-international-religious-freedom/sri-lanka/. Commission on International Religious Freedom, Annual Report 2020, April 2020, https://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/USCIRF%202020%20Annual%20Report_Final_42920.pdf, p. 20. As a result of the spread of French Calvinism, Catherine de Mdicis became more tolerant of the Huguenots, which angered the powerful Roman Catholic Guise family. Religious extremism has become the main driver of terrorism in recent years, according to this years Global Terrorism Index. However, the answer is "no" in the sense that religion is never the primary cause of war. In December 2019, government-fomented mob attacks against those protesting the discriminatory Citizenship (Amendment) Act led to nearly 25 deaths.8U.S. With your update, recognizing that the causes are in fact categorized in the index, Im not sure why youre still trying to make the argument. Government force based on religion or belief is on the rise, while mob violence, property damage, and use or threat of violence to impose religious norms by non-state actors are growing concerns. As we discuss in the next section, there are several potential opportunitiesas well as important risksthat could come if the Security Council engages with FoRB as a threat to international peace and security. But . If so, Id be glad to see them, so I wont be so foolish and wrong when I tell people religion had little to do with starting wars. From 2007 to 2018, religion-related war or armed conflict11The Pew Research Center defines religion-related armed conflict as when in armed conflict religious rhetoric is commonly employed to justify the use of force, or in which one or more of the combatants primarily identifies itself or the opposing side by religion. Pew Research Center, Appendix D, p. 88. declined from 21 to 13 countries. For example, in 2020 only 16 member states submitted contributions to inform the Secretary-Generals annual report, in response to a note verbale circulated by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.45UN Secretary-General, A/75/369 Report of the Secretary-General to the UN General Assembly, September 30, 2020, para. Lessons from Nigeria, Cte dIvoire, and Tanzania,, Steven L. Neuberg, Carolyn M. Warner, Stephen A. Mistler, Anna Berlin, Eric D. Hill, Jordan D. Johnson, Gabrielle Filip-Crawford, et al., Religion and Intergroup Conflict: Findings from the Global Group Relations Project,. And though the number of religion-related armed conflicts is declining, they continue to have tremendous impact on civilians. The report recorded 18,000 deaths in 2013, a rise of 60% on the previous year. Further, religion was not a motivating factor in the wars that have resulted in the most loss of life. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions took place between 1096 and 1291, primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both Christians and Muslims. U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, Did You Know. The great series of western holy wars were the Crusades, which lasted from 1095 until 1291 CE. Is religion the cause of most wars? | GotQuestions.org the demonstrated failure of the Index methodology (above), Of all types of non-state religious violence, property damage and the use or threat of violence to impose religious norms and practices have seen the largest increases, with these two categories more than doubling since 2007. 1,2,3 says that only about 17% of wars have been purely religious. A statement was once made that "religion has been the cause of all the major wars in history" (Armstrong). Religious war - Wikipedia Relying on the index heading for the total number of religious wars would be like relying on yellow pages to identify the total number of pizza restaurants it gives a LOWER bound. You need to show the ones. Jewish Revolts . It does not consider those warsthis is where Europeans came to convert locals to Christianity. Some might have wanted to escape from home, get a farm somewhere in Holland, earn a lot of money, or steal it. Time to take down this article. Here's a list of religiously motivated wars and genocides and their death tolls. I think its a pretty easily demonstrated that Religion had nothing to do with starting most wars. how many religious wars have there been in the us? In 2022, 26.8 percent of Americans were unaffiliated with any religion. Your email address will not be published. He isnt correct I have explained his error see above. This is predicated on the false (sic) assumption that the index lists all the wars that the body of the text has identified as religious. Although a few studies have analyzed the relationship between non-violent FoRB restrictions and violent conflict in specific regions, more research is needed to determine whether and how FoRB restrictions correlate with the outbreak of violent conflict worldwide. RELIGION, WORLD WAR II. He claimed that Marx and Engels never called to this behaviour. BBC - Ethics - War: Holy wars Conclusion In some years in the early post-war era, around half a million people died through direct violence in wars. fivefold increase in deaths from terrorism since the 9/11 suicide attacks. Stalin knew this well as he restored Christianity during World War II to help bolster the war effort. 2 (March 2016): 226-255, https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002714541853. His reply left me without words. 123, or 6 out of every 1,763 known or recorded historical conflicts, have been referred to as war. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular or irregular military forces. Lets look at the case of William III the Dutch king of England. the demonstrated acceptance (by theists) of the reference work (the Encyclopedia) as a suitable source for claims of the number of religious wars, the preferred approach is thus the somewhat laborious method of reading through the individual descriptions, and causes of each war, and where the authors have clearly stated religion as a causal factor, manually listing the war in question as a Religious War. The UK had the largest number of incidents with 131, while Turkey had the most fatalities (57). which are responsible for severe or high levels of violations of freedom of religion or belief,44Pew Research Center, In 2018, Government Restrictions on Religion Reach Highest Level Globally in More Than a Decade, p. 57. taking seats on the Human Rights Council in 2021. The governments of China and Russia have both imposed high levels of FoRB restrictions on their own populations, and both hold veto power on the Council. 3). In the 1981 UN Declaration, the General Assembly asserted that the disregard and infringement of human rights and fundamental freedoms, in particular of the right to freedom of thought, conscience, religion or whatever belief, have brought, directly or indirectly, wars and great suffering to mankind.35Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief in UN General Assembly, Resolution 36/55, A/RES/36/55, November 25, 1981, para. The relationship between FoRB restrictions and violent conflict also has important implications for whether and how the UN Security Council, which deals with threats to international peace and security, should engage with the FoRB agendaa question addressed in subsequent sections. UN General Assembly, Resolution 66/167, A/RES/66/167, December 19, 2011. The historical evidence is quite clear: Religion is not the #1 cause of war. State-perpetrated violence that resulted in death occurred in 20 of these countries, an increase of 25 percent since 2007. War - Wikipedia Lessons from Nigeria, Cte dIvoire, and Tanzania, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 36, no. The disruption of economic activities has also had a negative impact on productivity, as well. Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief, A/75/385, para. The Christians and Muslims fought a number of wars, betrayed each other, broke the agreements, and slaughtered millions of people as a result. The devastation of World War I loomed in the background for Americans when war began in Europe in September 1939 and when the United States moved to assist Britain prior to entering the war in December 1941. Others interviewed for this initiative includeElisabet le Roux, Ani Sarkissian, Lisa Sharland, Mine Yildirim, and Kelsey Zorzi. Violence carried out by state forces that did not result in death took place in 40 states. From what I see, they are counted as different wars. Aren't the Wars of Religion the bloodiest of all wars?. Systemic violations of FoRB against specific groups can cause horizontal inequalities that aggravate grievances, which can then motivate violent protest, armed conflict, or violent extremism.27Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief, A/75/385, para. Despite these drawbacks, we argue that greater action by the Council on this issue (complemented by stronger action at the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly on the full FoRB agenda) could help support the Security Councils primary role in preventing and responding to conflict, as well as in supporting measures for accountability, human rights, and upholding the UN Charter. Thirdly, William Cavanaugh's book, The Myth of Religious Violence, exposes the "wars of religion" claim. Of the different types of government force related to religion or belief, government-caused property damage showed the greatest spread, reported in 69 countries in 2018 compared to only seven in 2007. Freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) is a human right, recognized by the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the 1981 Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion and Belief. Minority Rights Group International, Peoples under Threat 2018, https://minorityrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Peoples-under-Threat-briefing-2018.pdf, p. 9. Importantly, the resolution called on member states to implement the 16/18 agenda domestically by countering religious profiling, preventing discrimination by civil servants, and appointing a section within their governments to monitor and address tensions between religious communities.33UN Human Rights Council, Resolution 16/18. In 2019, the General Assembly adopted two additional resolutionson violence based on religion or belief. So when you say there were more wars in the name of atheism. The Human Rights Council readopts the 16/18 action points and the request for reporting by the High Commissioner for Human Rights in an annual resolution. The Complicated Future of Student Loans - The New York Times A further 13.9 percent of Americans were White mainline . This could help create consistent pressure on all member states to meet their domestic requirements under Human Rights Council Resolution 16/18, to report on their progress to the Secretary-General and the High Commissioner for Human Rights, and to ensure that specific actions are taken to protect civilians from violence based on religion or belief. The results in full are mapped below. If we use his defense and apply it to christianity. Minorities whose religious or belief practice is a prominent feature of their public life are more likely to direct aggression against their more powerful and advantaged counterparts in comparison to minority groups that take a private view on religious practice.31Steven L. Neuberg, Carolyn M. Warner, Stephen A. Mistler, Anna Berlin, Eric D. Hill, Jordan D. Johnson, Gabrielle Filip-Crawford, et al., Religion and Intergroup Conflict: Findings from the Global Group Relations Project, Psychological Science 25, no. I think it is okay to try to understand what his motivations were. I cannot claim that I know what an omniscient God wants. That alone should trigger alarm bells that such a methodology is flawed. No wait let me say this first. The Crusades: 6,000,000 Thirty Years War: 11,500,000 French Wars of Religion: 4,000,000 Second Sudanese Civil War: 2,000,000 Lebanese Civil War: 250,000 Muslim Conquests of India: 80,000,000 Major arguments in favor of greater Security Council engagement on FoRB include: Of course, some important challenges also come with Security Council engagement on FoRB. Issues & Assumptions Earlier (medieval) wars also frequently cited as "religious wars" include the Muslim conquests (7th to 19th centuries) and the Christian . which repeatedly emphasises the number of religious wars ! To demonstrate this point, let's look at the 20th century. It seems to me that there is zero evidence that when Communists in one way or another killed 100 million people, that the soldiers thought they were really doing it for God, or that Nazi soldiers were killing for their strongly held religious beliefs rather than German Nationalism, or that WW1 soldiers were fighting for their various beliefs about Christendom as opposed to their national identity and love of their Kaiser, arch-duke and all that stuff, or that The Civil War wasnt really about things like abolition or restoring the Union, but the Soldiers were really driven to war because of their religious beliefs. Overall there has been a fivefold increase in deaths from terrorism since the 9/11 suicide attacks. You admitted that the first statement was wrong in the update. 37 and 38. Unacceptable: What its like to be a Liberal Christian in a Sea of Conservativism, 12 Myths Too Many Christians Believe, Part 1 Part 2. Both sides wanted to destroy each other based on their religious beliefs. Even just a glance at the Religious Wars section of the index shows that it omits Arab Israeli wars. If you look at the Israeli-Arab wars are they religious wars if Israel claims to start a secular Jewish state as a home for the Jewish people. Is Religion Responsible for the Most Wars and Deaths in History? There were many periods of persecution of Jews in Europe during the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century, religious conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in Japan during the seventeenth-century, Mormons were expelled from Missouri and Illinois in the 1840s, and the Branch Davidian conflagration occurred in the nineteenth. Protestants and Roman Catholics fought wars in France between 1562 and 98. Rationale : Philip & Axelrods index lists 1763 wars, but only lists 123 wars under the heading Religious wars. The book also does not talk about The Crusades in Africa. Policymakers should, however, be concerned about the rising trends in violence based on religion or belief, specifically in relation to government force, mob violence, property damage, and the imposition of religious norms, and the ongoing impacts of religion-related armed conflicts and interreligious violence on civilians. In 2017, terrorism was responsible for 0.05% of global deaths. killed at least 110 million . I searched the PDF for "religion." It appeared 201 times. The Pew Research Center defines religion-related armed conflict as when in armed conflict religious rhetoric is commonly employed to justify the use of force, or in which one or more of the combatants primarily identifies itself or the opposing side by religion. Pew Research Center, Appendix D, p. 88. When examining how religion-related conflict develops, research shows that conflict actors may use religion or belief in order to define targets, motivate violence, and sustain conflict. Do historians agree that most wars are caused by religion? Churches, mosques, hotels, and other related businesses as well as vehicles, private homes, etc., have been destroyed in the disaster. Yet given the rising trends in violence based on religion or belief (including the spread of this type of violence to more countries and the increasingly severe impact on civilians of some forms of this violence), there are compelling reasons to consider more action by the Council going forward. These criticisms are poised to grow with new member states such as China, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, and Uzbekistan,43UN General Assembly, Elections of the Human Rights Council, October 13, 2020, https://www.un.org/en/ga/75/meetings/elections/hrc.shtml. Resolution 73/285condemnedall acts of violencebased on religion or belief,38UN General Assembly, Resolution 73/285, A/RES/73/285, April 2, 2019. and Resolution 73/296created theInternational Day Commemorating the Victims of Acts of Violence Based on Religion or Beliefto berecognizedannuallyon August 22.39UN General Assembly, Resolution 73/296, A/RES/73/296, May 28, 2019. These actions in the Human Rights Council, General Assembly, and Security Council have all contributed to reinforcing both FoRB generally and efforts against violence based on religion or belief specifically. According to what I read above, it is. This article is more than 9 years old Doesn't religion cause most of the conflict in the world? The Human Rights Council, the General Assembly, and the Security Council have allengaged recently on issues related to violence based on religion or belief, as summarized below. Commission on International Religious Freedom, Did You Know. Thats still lower than the reality of what Atheist kept pushing. Those numbers were tallied up by Vox Day using data from Encyclopedia of Wars. Government hostilities involving physical violence against minority or non-registered religious groups rose by 19 percentfrom 2017 to 2018 (and spread from 47 countries in 2017 to 58 countries in 2018). In the identification of targets, conflict parties may use religion or belief to define in-groups and out-groups. Religious war | Military Wiki | Fandom (a category that includes violent and non-violent behaviors).7Pew Research Center, In 2018, Government Restrictions on Religion Reach Highest Level Globally in More Than a Decade, p. 12.

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